There are many shoulder diseases causing pain, discomfort or inability to move the shoulder properly and thus causing discomfort in day to day activities. Patients will be suffering for many years due to the lack of proper knowledge of shoulder problems and their inability to visit a specialized shoulder clinic. Shoulder joint is a ball and socket type of joint similar to the hip joint. Humeral head forms the ball and glenoid forms the socket. The joint is covered by a thin layer called capsule and group of muscles called rotator cuff. The rotator cuff muscles pass under a bony arch called acromion. These muscles are important for the smooth movements of the shoulder. Disease process can affect any of the above structures.

A commonly heard problem among shoulder patients. It is due to inflammation and contracture of the capsule portion of the joint. Patient experiences pain and stiffness of the joint. It commonly affects older people and especially diabetics. This condition can be treated with good physiotherapy done under the supervision of a shoulder surgeon and shoulder physiotherapist. In severe cases this problem can be treated with advanced key-hole surgery arthroscopic surgery.

In some patients the ball (humeral head) comes out of the socket (glenoid), a condition called dislocation. It is associated with severe pain and inability to move the shoulder. It may happen due to injury to the shoulder during falls, road traffic accidents or while playing sports. This condition commonly affects younger people and these patients stop all sporting activities and other high demand jobs as they develop a fear of repeated dislocations. In many of these patients this condition can successfully be treated with key-hole (arthroscopic) surgery.